The sports industry is a significant global market. Generation Z and Alpha are key emerging consumers with unique digital expectations. Rapid technological advancements are reshaping consumer behavior, including in sports. This research aims to explore and conceptualize how innovative technologies and digital interactions are shaping the expectations and behavior of Generation Z and Alpha sports consumers through a qualitative, grounded theory approach. This qualitative research, based on Glaser's grounded theory, was conducted. Data were collected through 17 semi-structured interviews with sports marketing experts, sports brand managers, and researchers in this field. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding, and ultimately 56 final codes were extracted into 8 subcategories and 2 main categories. Research credibility was ensured using triangulation strategies and in-depth engagement with participants. "Transformation in the Expectations" includes a desire for interactive and personalized experiences, social and cultural values as decision-making criteria, the impact of the digital space on the perception of sports brands, and new expectations from sports event sponsorship brands. "Changes in the Behavior" includes a preference for interactive content over direct advertising, the importance of digital identity in consumer behavior, changes in methods of interaction with sports brands, and the place of sports in the digital lifestyle. Sports brands should prioritize interactive digital content. Loyalty is higher for brands valuing social and environmental responsibility. Sports entities should strategically integrate innovative technologies and digital interactions into their strategies and emphasize their commitment to these values to effectively engage these consumers.
Ciuculescu, L., & Luca, F. A. (2025). Developing a Sustainable Cultural Brand for Tourist Cities: Insights from Cultural Managers and the Gen Z Community in Brașov, Romania. Sustainability, 17(8), 3361. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/8/3361
Cosa, M. (2023). Business digital transformation: strategy adaptation, communication and future agenda. Journal of Strategy and Management, 17(2), 244-259. https://doi.org/10.1108/jsma-09-2023-0233
Emiroğlu, B. (2023). Consumer Behaviour of Generation Alpha in Tourism [Alfa Kuşağı’nın Turizmdeki Tüketici Davranışı]. Avrasya Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(Türk Turizminin Geçmiş ve Gelecek Yüzyılı), 90-97. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/atadergi/issue//1362015
Gordillo-Rodriguez, M.-T., Marín-Montín, J., & Fernández Gómez, J. D. (2024). Sports celebrities and advertising on Instagram: a case study of brand sponsorship in Spain. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 25(4), 862-894. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-11-2023-0228
Guo, W., & Luo, Q. (2023). Investigating the impact of intelligent personal assistants on the purchase intentions of Generation Z consumers: The moderating role of brand credibility. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 73, 103353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103353
Hiral, P., Avinash, M., & Vidani, J. (2024). To Study Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty for Sport Shoes Skechers Among Gen-Z in Ahmedabad City. International Journal of Sustainable Social Science, 2(6), 353-370. https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsss.v2i6.90
Humairoh, H., Annas, M., & Rabbania, A. (2023). Gen Z: Purchase Decision on Go Green Products. Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting, 4(4), 609-615. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v4i4.2132
Kalou, A. (2025). Optimisation of sponsorship programs through digital opportunities in sports leagues. Example of Euroleague [Master Thesis, Vytautas Magnus University]. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12259/274017
Kim, K., & Kim, I. (2024). The relationship between the brand attractiveness and purchase intention of sport brand membership program among Generation Z with consumers: Focused on Nike Brand. Journal of Industrial Convergence, 22(11), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.22678/JIC.2024.22.11.103
Kozlowski, W. (2024). Buying Behaviour of Generation Z with Reference to Cause-related Marketing. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie, 1005(3), 63-81. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=1276481
Labbaf, A. H., & Vahdani, M. (2024). Qualitative Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Dimensions in the Field of Sports Science. Communication Management in Sport Media(In Press), -. https://doi.org/10.30473/jsm.2024.70726.1842
Le, C., & Chau, N. (2023). Brand value co-creation within e-sport industry: A study on Generation Z’s brand relationship quality in brand value co-creation in the Vietnamese e-sport industry [Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration, JONKOPING UNIVERSITY]. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1763888&dswid=-6800
Mai, Q. H. (2023). Considering different aspects of digital and social media marketing to attract generation Z and Alpha as the primary customer [Bachelor Thesis, LAB University of Applied Sciences]. https://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/803488
Malterud, K., Siersma, V. D., & Guassora, A. D. (2016). Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qualitative health research, 26(13), 1753-1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444
Mann, R. (2023). A comparative study of the impact of brand activism on customers’ brand loyalty: Generation Z, millennials, generation X and baby boomers [Master Thesis, University Canada West]. https://arcabc.ca/islandora/object/ucw%3A429/
Ochis, K. (2024). Gen Z in Work: A Practical Guide to Engaging Employees Across the Generations (Routledge, Ed.). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032722696
Pascucci, F., Savelli, E., & Gistri, G. (2023). How digital technologies reshape marketing: evidence from a qualitative investigation. Italian Journal of Marketing, 2023(1), 27-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43039-023-00063-6
Popek, A. (2024). The Role of Social Media in Increasing Interest in Sport and Physical Activity. ISRG Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(6), 97-106. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14184500
Puteri, S. A. (2023). The Alpha Generation Perspective on the Use of Technology in Filtering Actual Information Through Social Media. PRIMACY Journal of English Education and Literacy, 2(1), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.33592/primacy.v2i1.3535
Salimi, M., & Labbaf, A. H. (2025). A Development Model for Green Management of Sports Venues and Facilities Based on Grounded Theory. Sport Management and Development(In Press), -. https://doi.org/10.22124/jsmd.2024.25721.2847
Salimi, M., Mirhosseini, M., & Labbaf, A. H. (2025). The Application of Blockchain Technology in the Future of Irans Sports Industry. Sport Management and Development(In Press), -. https://doi.org/10.22124/jsmd.2025.30108.2968
Schlimm, J., Mereu, S., & Breuer, C. (2024). Why do consumers buy sports NFTs?–decoding consumer values and needs driving purchase intention. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 25(5), 1163-1184. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-04-2024-0097
Sun, X., Su, L., Zhou, B., Bu, T., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Systematic evaluation of integration between China’s digital economy and sports industry: two-stage grey relational analysis and vector autoregressive model. Plos one, 19(5), e0303572. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303572
Tirendi, D., & Gargiulo, L. (2024). Measuring the impacts of social media on daily life from millennials to generation alpha. International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies, 11(3), 26-33. https://doi.org/10.62557/2394-6296.110304
Varea-Calero, A. D., Rejón-Guardia, F., Ramírez-Hurtado, J. M., & Berbel-Pineda, J. M. (2025). Impact and development of sport sponsorship: a three-decade bibliometric analysis (1993–2024). Sport, Business and Management, 15(2), 176-203. https://doi.org/10.1108/sbm-09-2024-0134
Velasco‐Balmaseda, E., de Celis, I. L. R., & Izaguirre, N. E. (2024). Corporate social responsibility as a framework for gender equality: mapping of gender equality standards for sustainable development. Corporate social responsibility and environmental management, 31(3), 1905-1920. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2673
Wang, M., Wang, Z., & Deng, R. (2025). How to enhance generation Z users’ satisfaction experience with online fitness: a case study of fitness live streaming platforms. Frontiers in Computer Science, 6, 1499672. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2024.1499672
Yu, U.-J. (2025). Investigating antecedents of adopting wearable technology products among Gen Z. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/17543266.2025.2454658
Labbaf, A. H. and Vahdani, M. (2026). Digital Transformation in Sport Marketing: How Innovative Technologies Shape Generation Z and Alpha Consumer Expectations and Behavior?. Research in Sport Management and Marketing, 7(3), 95-111. doi: 10.22098/rsmm.2026.17767.1490
MLA
Labbaf, A. H. , and Vahdani, M. . "Digital Transformation in Sport Marketing: How Innovative Technologies Shape Generation Z and Alpha Consumer Expectations and Behavior?", Research in Sport Management and Marketing, 7, 3, 2026, 95-111. doi: 10.22098/rsmm.2026.17767.1490
HARVARD
Labbaf, A. H., Vahdani, M. (2026). 'Digital Transformation in Sport Marketing: How Innovative Technologies Shape Generation Z and Alpha Consumer Expectations and Behavior?', Research in Sport Management and Marketing, 7(3), pp. 95-111. doi: 10.22098/rsmm.2026.17767.1490
CHICAGO
A. H. Labbaf and M. Vahdani, "Digital Transformation in Sport Marketing: How Innovative Technologies Shape Generation Z and Alpha Consumer Expectations and Behavior?," Research in Sport Management and Marketing, 7 3 (2026): 95-111, doi: 10.22098/rsmm.2026.17767.1490
VANCOUVER
Labbaf, A. H., Vahdani, M. Digital Transformation in Sport Marketing: How Innovative Technologies Shape Generation Z and Alpha Consumer Expectations and Behavior?. Research in Sport Management and Marketing, 2026; 7(3): 95-111. doi: 10.22098/rsmm.2026.17767.1490