University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901The Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on the sustainability of sports tourism destinations: Evidence from Isfahan province in Iran119296110.22098/rsmm.2023.10897.1125ENMarjanAminiPhd of Sports Management, Shahroud University of Technology, Shahroud, IranHassanBahrololoumAssociate Professor of Sport Management, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IranRezaAndamAssociate Professor of Sports Management, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IranTahaRabbaniAssistant Professor of Geography, Yazd University, Yazd, IranJournal Article20220531<strong>Purpose</strong>: Following the pandemic of Covid-19, many sports tourism destinations rendered stagnant. The ambiguity of the disease and its unanticipated outbreak came as a surprise to policymakers in tourism centers. Many uncertainties about the dimensions and how this disease affects tourism destinations, arise the need to scrutinize it prospectively. Therefore, present study attempts to focus on the "sustainability" component of tourism destinations along with the situation of sports tourism in Isfahan province in the next 10 years (2031). <br /><br /><strong>Methods</strong>: By adopting a quantitative-qualitative approach and using the futuristic method, data was collected from a number of sources including experts’ interviews, questioning citizens of Isfahan province and documentary studies. Data analysis was performed by open and axial coding, cross-impact analysis and scenario planning. <br /><br /><strong>Results</strong>: In total, 40 drivers for the future of sports tourism in Isfahan province were identified. Based on four critical uncertainties with two assumptions for each, a total of 16 plausible scenarios were obtained and it was found that the second, seventh and fourteenth scenarios are more likely to occur. In these scenarios, a gradual increase in social responsibility is expected along with the development of technology. However, economic investment and institutional policy making are at their worst, and so we will see the current trend in pandemic control maintains. This issue threatens the sustainability of sports tourism destinations in Isfahan province. <br /><br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The most significant presupposition for achieving sustainability in sports tourism destinations is a review of crisis management policy at national and state levels.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_2961_d16ed76895e4d5cfe32a2bdb3d49cf05.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901Determination of the Strategic Position of the Iran Pentathlon Association2031292110.22098/rsmm.2024.14216.1298ENMahdiGoudarziAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-3465-526XJournal Article20231212<strong>Purpose</strong>: The purpose of this study was to determine the strategic Position of Iran Pentathlon Association. <br /><br /><strong>Methods</strong>: The relevant literatures were reviewed and also the survey and PEST SCAN (Cronbach Alpha = 0.88) questionnaires and SWOT analysis were used for data collection. 21 current managers and experts together with in Pentathlon Association were selected to complete the questionnaires. By Delphi method, meetings and several strategic analyzing steps, 11 strengths, 10 weaknesses, 8 opportunities and 13 threats were recognized and ranked based on Friedman test. <br /><br /><strong>Results</strong>: The results of this research show that the total scores of the matrix of internal factors of the Pentathlon Association is 2.13, which is weak in terms of internal factors, and in the evaluation matrix of external factors, the total weighted scores of external factors show the number 2.07, which in terms of external factors has is a threat.<br /><br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The strategic position of the Iranian Pentathlon Association was determined using the evaluation matrix of internal and external factors in the WT position, therefore, the total weighted points of the internal and external factors evaluation shows the defensive position, which strategies should be formulated and selected based on this situation.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_2921_204d20c5c0bf5886f174c0c24d3f3a82.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901Evaluation of effective factors on succession management in human resources of the Iranian football3244288910.22098/rsmm.2024.13148.1243ENSeyedeh ShimaMousaviPh.D. in sport management, Guilan University, Rasht, IranMohamadGholampourPh.D. in sport management, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.FarnazFakhriAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Arak University, Arak, IranJournal Article20230616<strong>Purpose</strong>: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting succession management in human resources in Iranian football.<br /><strong>Method</strong>: The present research is quantitative in terms of applied purpose. The statistical population included coaches working in Iranian football leagues, managers of football clubs, and teachers of clubs and universities. 121 instructors participating in two training courses of the Football Federation were selected as a statistical sample, which was an available non-probabilistic sampling. A questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. Also, the first and second-order confirmatory factor analysis method by AMOS software was used to analyze data.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: Research findings showed that organizational, individual, and process factors are among the factors affecting succession in various organizations related to football in the country. Organizational factors, respectively: organizational commitment, strategy, motivation, structure, technology, in individual factor; Training, interaction and collaboration, and adaptability and finally in process factor, time management, planning, and organizational transparency had the most impact, respectively.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: As a result, it can be said that if football-related organizations consider human resource succession management and formulate and implement proper succession management planning with a focus on organization, it can play an effective role in national and international success.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_2889_6c7f30524763516cceb5582861488dc6.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901Determining the strategic position of the development of children's Physical activity in Iran4561327110.22098/rsmm.2024.14497.1318ENSiminHalabianPhD Candidate of Sport Management, , Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IranSeyed RezaHosseininiaAssistant Professor of Sports Management, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IranEbrahimAlidoust GhahfarokhiAssociate Professor of Sports Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8909-7122Journal Article20240125<strong>Purpose</strong>: This research aimed to determine the strategic position of children's physical activity development in Iran. This research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed method (quantitative-qualitative).<br /><strong>Methods</strong>: The statistical population of the research included professors of physical education and sports sociology who are knowledgeable about the field of children's physical activity, Provincial physical education assistants in education, heads of talent search committees in sports federations, managers and expert coaches, and experts of children's play and sports clubs, and members of the Children's Sports and Physical Activity Association of the Federation of Public Sports that In the qualitative section, 19 people were selected in a targeted manner until theoretical saturation was reached, and in the quantitative section, 265 people were selected by the method of total count. To collect data, a Review of documents, background literature studies, the Delphi method for qualitative data, strategic council meetings, and tools such as researcher-made questionnaires, internal factors evaluation matrix, external factors evaluation matrix, and strategic positioning matrix were used.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: According to the research findings, 10 strengths, 11 weaknesses, 13 opportunities, and 10 threats were identified in children's physical activity, and their strategic position was determined in the WT region.<br /><strong>Conclusions</strong>: It suggests that the Federation of Public Sports, the foremost authority on Iranian children's physical activity development, adopt defensive strategies.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_3271_33780e8b3754f5ef753385893fa2dcc9.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901Factors affecting the development of football stadium architecture in the temperate and humid climate of Iran6272329110.22098/rsmm.2024.14559.1322ENSaraKazemi FardMaster student, Architecture Department, University of Guilan, Rasht, IranMaedehPourfathollahAssistant Professor of Art and Architecture, University of Guilan ,Rasht, IranMohammadZare AbandansariPh.d student of Sports Management, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, IranSaeedKazemifardArchitecture Department, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.Journal Article20240131<strong>Purpose</strong>: Paying attention to the architecture of football stadiums is considered a significant issue in sports, which has yet to receive less attention in Iran. Considering the presence of teams from northern Iran in the premier league and the specific climatic conditions they face, this research aims to investigate the Factors affecting the development of football stadium architecture in Iran's temperate and humid climate.<br /><strong>Method</strong>: This research was conducted using a qualitative approach based on phenomenology. Colaizzi's method (1978) was employed to explore the interview data. The study's target population consisted of university faculty members in art and architecture, engineers in sports facilities construction and equipment, and university faculty members in sports management, totalling 18 individuals. The data collection tool was semi-structured interviews. Validity and reliability criteria were used, including credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. (study Community and sample, sampling method, research method, instruments or questionnaires).<br /><strong>Results</strong>: According to the results obtained from the participants' information, the factors influencing the development of football stadium architecture consist of 104 sub-themes categorized into eight main themes. Based on the designers' priorities and the significance of their sub-indicators, these themes include site, climate, moisture control, design regulations, safety, structure, design ideas, and sustainability.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Therefore, designers and relevant managers must pay special attention to the construction of stadiums, which are considered significant and monumental structures in the urban landscape. Considering the eight identified factors in this research, they should be designed with principles and foresight.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_3291_a8c98b416d6c9a9be4bf4c5a719ac9b0.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901The development model of Iran's riding clubs with a resistance economy approach7383297510.22098/rsmm.2024.14873.1337ENAliakbarHassanpour HeydariPhD student in sports management, Ayatollah Amoly branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, IranSeyed HosseinAlaviAssociate Professor of sports Management, TechnicAal and Vocational University, Tehran, IranMohammadSanaeiAssistant Professor of Sports Management, Chalus Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalus, IranJournal Article20240406<strong>Purpose</strong>: The resistance economy is a model that goes beyond just economics, and includes strategic and macro measures in politics, culture, sports, and society, with a religious, national, and local approach. This research aims to present a model for developing Iranian equestrian clubs using the principles of the resistance economy.<br /><strong>Method</strong>: The research used a mixed method, based on data theory, with semi-structured interviews to gather data. Glaser method was used for data analysis. The qualitative section involved 20 sports management and equestrian sports experts, selected by purposeful and judgmental sampling. The quantitative section involved 337 people selected using a multi-stage cluster method according to Morgan's table. The questionnaire was distributed among them.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: The qualitative data analysis identified 14 categories for designing the economic development model of equestrian sports with a resistance economy approach. The developed model was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations with SPSS and PLS software, and showed a good fit.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: So it is recommended that the guardians of sports and the Equestrian Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to achieve economic development, fulfill their legal and support requirements in order to increase the standard construction in the vicinity of sports venues and spaceshttps://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_2975_6c489c89a66a3098887883dd1e727b27.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901Identifying and ranking the obstacles to the development of Iranian defensive arts8493302710.22098/rsmm.2024.14920.1345ENMasoodGhaffarpurPhD student in sports management, Hamedan branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IranSirousAhmadiAssistant Professor of Sports Management, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IranGholamrezaKhaksarAssistant Professor of Sports Management, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IranJournal Article20240418<strong>Purpose</strong>: The present research was conducted to identify and rank the obstacles affecting the development of the sports field of defensive arts in the form of a model.<br /><strong>Method</strong>: the research method is of mixed exploratory type. The statistical community in the qualitative section included all sports management professors and experts in combat sports. In the quantitative section, the statistical population includes professors and students of physical education, as well as specialists and athletes of martial arts, and the questionnaire was sent to 400 people.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: In the qualitative phase of the research, 63 themes were obtained for the factors influencing the development of the sports field of defensive arts, and eight factors were identified from these themes during the central coding process. Also, the results showed that out of the eight variables specified in the qualitative interview, seven variables affected the development of this field and the prioritization of the identified obstacles from the perspective of the statistical samples of the research, respectively, including a low history of the field with 43%, media, and advertising weakness 37 percentage, lack of budget 34%, lack of workforce 32%, lack of facilities and equipment 29%, lack of education 17%, unwillingness of sponsors 17% and only cultural and social barriers with 3% were not significant.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Considering, the importance of developing this field inside and outside the country, it is suggested that the sports field managers make the necessary planning and investment for developing this field based on priority.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_3027_bd9792c86514479c25b01e515cd3102e.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901Analyzing the Decision-Making Styles of Customers to Buy Sports Equipment94104288710.22098/rsmm.2024.14298.1302ENJalilPourzarnegarPh.D in sport management, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20231223<strong>Purpose</strong>: Customers use different decision making styles to buy sports equipment. The purpose of this research is to analyze the decision-making styles of customers for buy sports equipment.<br /><br /><strong>Methods</strong>: In this research, cross-sectional survey method was used and data collection was done through library studies and field investigation. The sampling method was carried out by simple random sampling and in this research, the standard questionnaire (CSI) of Sproles and Kendall (1986) with content validity confirmed by 8 professors of physical education and sports science and reliability of 0.78 using alpha coefficient Cronbach's used. Binomial and Friedman tests were used for statistical analysis.<br /><br /><strong>Results</strong>: The results of the research showed customers have a favorable level of sensitivity to brand, quality, price and hedonism in their decision-making styles for buying sports equipment (P < 0.05), in general, it should be said that High-quality products, more well-known brands, reasonable prices and shopping pleasure are among the influencing factors on the decision-making styles of customers to buy sports equipment. Also, they are sensitive to loyalty and fashion in buying sports equipment, and they do not show careless and wandering reactions in their decision-making styles (P < 0.05).<br /><br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: By knowing the facts in sports and positively influencing the decision-making styles of customers, it can be used to increase the purchase of sports equipment by them.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_2887_3e12249d3f1604161b1ebf853e5e6ec8.pdfUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliResearch in Sport Management and Marketing2783-23925420240901Comparing the Impact of Virtual Reality and Two-Dimensional Advertising on Flow Experience and Purchase Intention Among Sports Product Customers105117335210.22098/rsmm.2024.14313.1305ENAliAfrouzehAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranMohammadRezaBoroumandAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranMohammadPourkianiAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranMaziyarKalashiPh.D. in Sport Management, Razi University, Kermanshah, IranJournal Article20240101<strong>Purpose</strong>: The recent advancements in technology have significantly transformed the way people interact with and perceive both physical and virtual environments. Virtual reality has emerged as a pivotal technology in this ongoing transformation. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of virtual reality advertising on the flow experience and purchase intention of sports consumers and compare to Two-Dimensional Advertising.<br /><strong>Method</strong>: The present study is an applied and semi experimental research based on structural equation modeling. Statistical population included customers of Mammut sports products. Measurement tools included Kim and Ko (2019) flow Experience questionnaire and Kang et al (2018) purchase intention questionnaire. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and the composite reliability index in PLS software. The virtual reality headset was also used to create the virtual reality experience. Finally, structural equations in PLS software were used to analyze the research data.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: The findings showed that the promotion of virtual reality through cognitive absorption, enjoyment and time distortion leads to the flow experience, ultimately indulging in the intention to purchase consumers' sports products.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Marketers should prioritize the development of engaging VR content that allows customers to experience products in realistic settings, particularly in the context of sports products, to drive sales. Additionally, as consumer behavior shifts towards online shopping post-COVID-19, investing in innovative VR technologies and content production will be crucial for brands seeking to capture and retain customer attention in a competitive market.https://rsmm.uma.ac.ir/article_3352_c14ec7b920494d4b5e884f3dcfc09b46.pdf